Layered Eating - a technique in weight control, where foods that
are high in volume but low in calories are consumed as the `first layer`, before high-calorie, low-volume foods are eaten. This is a common-sense procedure of appeasing hunger by consuming certain foods and / or liquids before high-calorie foods are ingested.
FSO - refer to Fructo- Oligosaccharides. Salmonella - a bacterium that causes food poisoning, living in several species of animals and birds, specially poultry and swine. In ecological surroundings, salmonella can be found in soil, insects, the working surfaces of kitchens and factories, animal fecal matter, and uncooked meats, poultry (including eggs), and seafood.
Ferulic Acid - a form of phenolic product present in several fruits, vegetables, and citrus fruits, which has antioxidant properties which may decrease the chance of degenerative diseases, heart disease, and diseases causing vision impairment. Chromosome - string-like components contained in the cell nucleus that contain the human genetic building block (DNA) and proteins. Genes are carried on chromosomes.
Fluoride - a natural compound of fluorine that occurs naturally in minerals in rocks and soils. Widespread use of fluoride in household water sources and oral hygiene preparations, such as toothpastes and tooth gels has been responsible for the noteworthy reduction in cavities among both children and adults. All water contains fluoride, though there are times when public water sources call for supplementary additions in order to give people the best possible amount to prevent and reverse the early signs of dental caries. Fluoride makes tooth enamel harder and more resilient to cavities. It also safeguards against the development of harmful bacteria and retards or prevents the conversion of carbohydrates that can be fermented (sugars and starches) into tooth-decaying acids in the mouth. Insulin-dependent Diabetes - occurs when the pancreas fails to manufacture any insulin, causing excessive blood sugar levels. Also known as `Type I Diabetes`.
Abdominals - refers to the collective expression to describe the group of muscles on the front of the torso below the thorax. Same as `abs`.
Catechins - a type of flavonoid found in tea, which gives consumers the health benefits of neutralizing free radicals and perhaps lowering the risk of malignancies.
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RGB) - also referred to as gastric bypass and gastric bypass surgery. A bariatric surgical procedure in which surgeons create a small stomach pouch by sectioning off a part of the patient`s stomach and restructure the small intestine so as to make it absorb fewer nutrients (and calories). Surgeons make the stomach smaller by using surgical staples (hence the term `gastric stapling`). The reduced stomach sac is linked to the middle portion of the small intestine. Ingested food bypasses the upper part of the small intestine and sectioned-off stomach, and instead passes into the middle part of the small intestine through a small opening. Bypassing a section of the stomach restricts the quantity of food a person is able to eat. By bypassing a section of the intestine, the amount of nutrients and calories the body assimilates is decreased. The narrow opening slows down the rate at which food moves out of the stomach sac. One of the risks for patients is `dumping syndrome`. This happens if the contents of the stomach pass more quickly than is normal through the small intestine. Symptoms of rapid gastric emptying could include nausea, weakness, sweating, faintness, and diarrhea after eating. Adverse effects could include inflammation or infection, leaking, a sudden blood clot in the pulmonary artery of the lungs (pulmonary embolism), gallstones, and insufficient nutrition.
Organic - in crop cultivation, describes agricultural produce, which are grown by means of cultural, biological, and mechanical methods prior to the use of manmade, non-organic substances to prevent pest infestation, enhance soil quality and/or enhance the processing of agricultural produce. The USDA is currently defining the criteria for organic produce, with official rules for what may be deemed organic.
Allergy - an exaggerated or abnormal response from the immune system in susceptible people. Symptoms of allergic or hypersensitive reactions are rashes, sneezing, coughing, as well as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Tagatose - in technical terms, named `D-tagatose`, a low-calorie sweetener processed from lactose, which occurs naturally in certain dairy products and other foods. This functional sweetener has been considered to be a Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) product in the US, which approves its use in the production of foods and beverages.
Fat Reduction Ingredients - to make it easier for people to control how much fat they include in their diet, advances in nutritional science have enabled the availability of a wide array of fat-reduced processed and packaged foods and milk and meat products. To learn more about fat replacers, refer to `Fat Replacers`. Oral Hypoglycemic Drug - medicines ingested by mouth, which stimulate the production or augment the action of insulin.
Cystitis - urinary tract infection.